Enemies of Rome
The Etruscans
One of the main powers in central Italy before the advent of Rome was the Etruscan civilization.
The Latins
The Latins were a people who lived in ancient times in what is now Italy. They came into conflict with Rome and were eventually subsumed by that civilization.
The Parthian Empire
The Parthian Empire was a major opponent of Rome for four centuries in ancient times.
King Mithridates VI of Pontus
Mithridates VI was King of Pontus and an enemy of the Roman Republic during the 1st Century B.C.
The Huns
The Huns were a Eurasian people who directly and indirectly played a role in the decline of the Roman Empire. The most famous of the Huns was Attila, who engineered many great victories for his people.
The Visigoths
The Visigoths were the western tribes of the nomadic people known as Goths who played a part in the shifting sands of history in Europe for a few hundred years in the first millennium. The most famous Visigoth was Alaric, who engineered the sack of Rome in 410.
The Ostrogoths
The Ostrogoths were the eastern tribes of the nomadic people known as Goths who played a part in the shifting sands of history in Europe for a few hundred years in the first millennium.
The Vandals
The Vandals were one of the Germanic tribes that harried the Roman Empire in its waning days. In fact, the Vandals sacked Rome just a few decades before it fell.
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The Roman Legion
The legion was a resourceful, very successful fighting formation employed by Roman leaders for much of the life of the Republic and the Empire.
The Samnite Wars
The armies of Ancient Rome fought three wars with the neighboring Samnite hill tribes; all three ended in Roman victory.
The Pyrrhic War
Pyrrhus, King of Epirus, led an invasion force against the armies of the Roman Republic in the 2nd Century B.C.
The Punic Wars
The Punic Wars were a series of struggles between Carthage and Rome for dominance during the 2nd and 1st Centuries B.C. With its final victory in 146 B.C., Rome lay claim to being master of the Mediterranean.
Hannibal: Ancient Rome's Greatest Enemy
The name Hannibal struck fear into the hearts of a great many Romans for generations, both during his distinguished military career and after his death. Find out more about the famous Carthaginian general. This illustrated article focuses on the battles that Hannibal fought, including in-depth discussions of his most famous victories (and his final defeat).
The Dacian Wars
Dacia was a kingdom in what is now Romania and was an enemy of Rome in ancient times.
The Roman Conquest of Greece
Rome and Greece went to war several times during the span of a century during the days of the Roman Republic. Rome emerged victorious in 146 B.C. and annexed Greece.
Julius
Caesar's "Visits" to
Britain
Roman General Julius Caesar went to Britain twice. His
voyages were the beginnings of what would become Roman
Britain.
Claudius's Conquest of Britain
Roman Emperor Claudius finished what Caesar started, completing the Roman conquest of Britain.
The Battle of Actium
The Battle of Actium, in 31 B.C., was a decisive naval victory for the forces of Octavian over the forces of Mark Antony, in effect ending the power struggle that had filled the vacuum in Ancient Rome left by the assassination of Julius Caesar.
Spartacus
He was perhaps the most famous Roman gladiator ever. His name was Spartacus, and he led a slave rebellion against the might of Rome in the early 1st Century B.C.
The First Jewish Revolt
The Jewish Revolt of 66 was a large-scale uprising of Jewish people in Judea against Roman authority. It lasted for several years, was unsuccessful, and resulted in hundreds of thousands of deaths.
The Second Jewish Revolt
The Second Jewish Revolt was more successful than the first but eventually ended up the same way, as a defeat against the might of the Roman Empire.
The Battle of the Teutoborg Forest
The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest was a stunning defeat for Rome at the hands of German soldiers in the 1st Century.
