The Battle of Quebec was a British victory and a British loss: General James Wolfe was killed in the battle.

His commanding officer, Jeffery Amherst, continued to press the attack, sailing down the St. Lawrence River to attack Montreal, the last French stronghold, in 1760. The result was another British victory. On September 8, the French surrendered Montreal.

Scattered fighting continued throughout Canada for the next few years, but the war was basically over. The Treaty of Paris was signed in 1763, and France gave up all claims to Canada.

To finance the war, England had gone into debt. Since the war was fought mainly to protect the borders of the American colonies, the English government decided to make the Americans pay for most of that debt. This, naturally, created great unrest in America.

The French and Indian War, as Americans called it, showed the American colonists how powerful the English army and navy could be. It also showed how vulnerable these same troops could be. The Americans noticed the effectiveness of the guerrilla tactics used by the French and Native Americans. When the British tried to keep the American colonies from rebelling in 1775, the British troops faced the same kind of tactics.

First page > The Colonies in America > Page 1, 2, 3, 4