The Persian Wars: Greece's Finest Hours
Part 2: The Greek Victories It was a stunning victory, one that sent Emperor Darius home in disgrace. Darius never returned, but his son Xerxes did.
How did they do it? How did the Greeks win so many tremendously important battles with so few men? First and foremost, they had the inherent advantage of the defender: They were fighting to protect their homes and their way of life. History is full of examples like this, of a group of people willing to die to the last man to defend their homeland. The Persian soldiers, many of them mercenaries (who served only for a salary), were far from home, spoke a different language than the men who were fighting right next to them, and were afraid to admit such things as their not being able to swim (which became a big problem when, as at the Battle of Salamis, their ships suddenly started sinking).
Thirdly, the Greeks effectively used the element of surprise. By doing the unexpected, the Greeks seized the initiative away from the Persians, who were the attackers and thought they had the initiative. By keeping the Persians guessing, the Greeks kept the upper hand. Had Darius or Xerxes won any of these historic battles, the future of Greece and the immediate present of Western civilization might have been very different. First page > Two Giants Collide > Page 1, 2 |
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Despite
the Greeks' smashing victory at Salamis in 480 B.C., the fighting wasn't
over. The very next year, the Persians and Greeks clashed
again. This time, the result had a more lasting effect. For
the first time in the wars, the Greeks and Persians had
almost equal troop numbers. Also, Spartan and Athenian
fought side by side. In the 479 B.C. Battle of Plataea, the Greeks
again proved their military superiority, and the Persians
retreated for good.
Secondly,
the Greeks proved that they were better soldiers than their
Persian counterparts. They were better trained, and they
were better skilled.
Social Studies for Kids
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David White
